Quick summary

Mallow (Malva sylvestris) is a plant rich in mucilage and polyphenols traditionally used for various ailments including gastrointestinal disorders and vaginal atrophy. Preliminary clinical evidence suggests potential benefits in improving functional constipation and postmenopausal vaginal atrophy symptoms. However, evidence for other indications remains limited or insufficient.

What is it

Mallow, scientifically named Malva sylvestris, is a flowering plant native to Europe, North Africa, and Asia. It is characterized by its mucilaginous texture and contains a variety of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and flavonoids. The plant parts, including leaves and flowers, have been traditionally used in herbal medicine preparations.

Traditional uses

  • Treatment of gastrointestinal issues such as constipation and inflammation
  • Relief of respiratory and oral inflammatory conditions
  • Alleviation of symptoms associated with vaginal atrophy, particularly in postmenopausal women
  • Topical use for wound healing and skin irritation

Active compounds

The key active constituents in Mallow include:

  • Mucilage – contributes to soothing and protective effects on mucous membranes
  • Polyphenols and flavonoids – associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties

Potential benefits with evidence levels

  • Improvement of functional constipation

    Preliminary human clinical evidence: A consumer-based survey involving 56 healthy participants reported that a Mallow extract supplement increased bowel movement frequency, improved stool consistency, and reduced abdominal pain over 20 days with no adverse effects. These findings are preliminary and require confirmation through randomized clinical trials.
  • Reduction of vaginal atrophy symptoms in postmenopausal women

    Randomized controlled trial: A single-blind randomized trial of 90 postmenopausal women found that a Persian traditional medicine herbal vaginal gel containing Mallow significantly improved vaginal itching, dryness, and pain compared to placebo, and enhanced sexual function more than auriculotherapy.
  • Potential antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound healing properties

    Traditional use and preclinical evidence: The mucilage and flavonoids in Mallow are believed to contribute to antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. It has traditional applications for respiratory and oral health conditions, although high-quality clinical evidence is currently lacking.

Side effects

Mallow extract-based products were generally well tolerated in small clinical populations with no significant adverse effects reported. However, available data on side effects are limited, so caution is advised.

Drug interactions

There are no documented drug interactions for Malva sylvestris based on the current evidence. Further studies are needed to determine any potential interactions with medications.

Who should avoid it

No specific contraindications have been identified. However, due to lack of data, pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid use or consult a healthcare professional before use.

Evidence limitations

  • Many studies are preliminary, observational, or consumer surveys with small sample sizes and non-randomized designs
  • There is a lack of large, well-designed randomized controlled trials to confirm efficacy and safety
  • Variability in the herb preparations (extracts, gels) and formulations complicates interpretation of results
  • Insufficient data exist regarding long-term safety, drug interactions, contraindications, and use in vulnerable populations including pregnant or breastfeeding women

References

Last reviewed

April 2024

Disclaimer

This information is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Mallow (Malva sylvestris) should not be used as a substitute for professional healthcare. Consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new herbal supplement, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, have a medical condition, or are taking medication.