Quick Summary

Rosehip (Rosa canina) is a plant traditionally used for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been studied mainly for potential benefits in osteoarthritis symptom relief, metabolic health (including effects on LDL cholesterol and blood glucose), and skin healing. Current evidence includes clinical trials, systematic reviews, and experimental studies, but clinical data remain limited and heterogeneous. Rosehip contains diverse bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamin C, and carotenoids. Safety data indicate a generally favorable profile with few reported adverse effects, though definitive conclusions on efficacy and safety require further well-designed trials.

What Is It?

Rosehip refers to the fruit of the wild rose shrub, Rosa canina. It is commonly harvested for use in traditional medicine and dietary supplements. The fruit is prized for its nutritional content and bioactive compounds, which contribute to its reputed health benefits.

Traditional Uses

Traditionally, rosehip has been used for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It has been employed to support joint health, improve skin conditions, and promote general wellness. Its use as a natural remedy for symptoms of osteoarthritis and inflammation dates back centuries in various cultures.

Active Compounds

  • Polyphenols
  • Flavonoids
  • Vitamin C
  • Carotenoids
  • Other antioxidants and phytochemicals

Potential Benefits with Evidence Levels

  • Osteoarthritis symptom relief (Moderate evidence): Multiple randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have reported reductions in pain and improvement in physical function with rosehip powder or extracts. A meta-analysis of three RCTs demonstrated a standardized mean difference favoring rosehip (ES 0.37, 95% CI 0.13–0.60) with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 6. However, larger and longer-term independent studies are needed. (PMID: 18407528, 31138475, 30449982, 24848732)
  • Cardiometabolic health (lipid and glucose regulation) (Low to Moderate evidence): A systematic review of randomized clinical trials found mixed effects of daily rosehip extract intake on LDL cholesterol and fasting blood glucose. Some studies reported significant benefits, but heterogeneity and limited sample sizes temper conclusions. Further research is warranted. (PMID: 38283449)
  • Skin healing and anti-inflammatory effects (Limited clinical and experimental evidence): Topical rosehip oil emulsion increased epithelial thickness and collagen formation in experimental mucosal ulcers in animals, suggesting pro-healing effects. In vitro and cell-based models show antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Clinical evidence in dermatological applications remains limited. (PMID: 40762679, 41304917)
  • Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity (Preclinical and some clinical evidence): Rosehip extracts and nanovesicles demonstrate radical scavenging, enzymatic inhibition of inflammatory pathways, and modulation of gut microbiota in vitro and in cell models. These effects correspond to traditional uses and may underpin some clinical benefits. (PMID: 41304917, 28587101)

Side Effects

  • Rare mild adverse reactions reported in limited surveys
  • No consistent reports of serious toxicity or hepatotoxicity
  • Potential allergic reactions have not been well documented

Drug Interactions

No specific drug interactions with rosehip have been conclusively documented in the scientific literature. However, due to its bioactive compounds such as vitamin C and flavonoids, potential interactions—particularly with anticoagulants or other medications—cannot be ruled out without further study. Consult a healthcare professional before combining rosehip with medications.

Who Should Avoid It

There are no clearly established contraindications for rosehip based on current evidence. Caution is advised in individuals with known hypersensitivity to components of rosehip preparations. Additionally, due to insufficient safety data, pregnant and breastfeeding women should use rosehip only under professional guidance.

Evidence Limitations

  • Heterogeneous study designs, dosages, and formulations across clinical trials limit comparability and meta-analysis quality
  • Many studies have small sample sizes and/or short durations
  • Lack of long-term safety data
  • Insufficient data on pharmacokinetics and drug interactions
  • Limited high-quality, independent replication trials
  • Preclinical results (in vitro and animal models) may not directly translate to clinical efficacy
  • Variable composition of rosehip preparations complicates standardization

References

Last Reviewed

June 2024

Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Always consult your healthcare provider before using any herbal product, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, have existing medical conditions, or are taking medications.